اقتصاد فضا و توسعه روستایی

اقتصاد فضا و توسعه روستایی

تبیین توزیع منافع اقتصادی گردشگری گاسترونومی «کباب بناب» از دیدگاه ساکنان محلی

نویسندگان
1 گروه برنامه‌ریزی روستایی، دانشکده علوم و برنامه‌ریزی محیطی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران
2 گروه برنامه‌ریزی روستایی، دانشکده علوم جغرافیایی، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران
چکیده
هدف: اثرات گردشگری به‌ویژه در فضاهای روستایی برحسب موقعیت‌های فضایی متفاوت است. درواقع، اگر بنا بر این باشد تا فعالیت‌های گردشگری به عنوان یک رویکرد برای توسعه پایدار اقتصادی در نواحی روستایی پذیرفته شود، لازم است تا توزیع منافع حاصل از آن بررسی شود و برنامه‌ریزی‌های لازم برای توزیع عادلانهء آن انجام گردد. پژوهش حاضر ضمن توجه کردن به این موضوع، اثرات اقتصادی گردشگری گاسترنومی «کباب بناب» را به عنوان یک پدیده جغرافیایی در فضاهای روستایی شهرستان بناب مطالعه کرده است.

روش پژوهش: پژوهش حاضر از نوع کاربردی و از لحاظ ماهیت، کمّی است که از روش پیمایش بهره جسته است. بررسی مسئله، پیشینه و چارچوب نظری با مشاهدات میدانی و مطالعه کتابخانه‌ای انجام شد. داده‌های مربوط به اثرات اقتصادی گردشگری گاسترونومی با تعیین شاخص‌ها و تکمیل پرسشنامه توسط 242 نفر از روستاییان، جمع‌‌آوری و با آزمون‌ تی ‌تک‌نمونه‌ای، تحلیل خوشه‌ای، خودهمبستگی فضایی مکانی و رگرسیون وزن‌دار جغرافیایی بررسی شد.

یافته‌ها: جاذبه گردشگری «کباب بناب» موجب توسعه اشتغال، بازاریابی و فروش محصولات محلی روستائیان و همچنین افزایش درآمد ساکنان محلی گردیده است. در سوی دیگر، عامل مجاورت مکانی و انسانی ازجمله عوامل اصلی در جذب منافع اقتصادی گردشگری در سکونتگاه‌هایروستایی ناحیه مورد مطالعه بوده است. در این سکونتگاه‌ها، نیروی انسانی لازم با داشتن مشاغل در رستوران‌ها و اغذیه‌های کباب بناب و مشاغل مرتبط با آن در شهر بناب و یا در نزدیکترین سکونتگاه روستایی، نقش اصلی در جذب منافع اقتصادی داشته است.

نتیجه‌گیری: توزیع عادلانه و مناسب منافع حاصل از صنعت گردشگری می‌تواند به بهبود کیفیت زندگی ساکنان محلی، تقویت مشارکت جوامع و حتی پایداری این نوع از صنعت گردد. در جهت رسیدن به چنین عملکردی، شناخت توزیع فضایی منافع آن و برنامه‌ریزی برای آن در سکونتگاه‌های روستایی حایز اهمیت است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله English

Explaining the Distribution of Economic Benefits of "Kebab Bonab" Gastronomy Tourism from the Perspective of Local Residents

نویسندگان English

Abual-Qasim taghizad fanid 1
Sajedeh Dinparast 1
Sadegh Saghafi Asl 2
Saeid Nasire Zare 2
Hassan Ghasemloo 1
1 Department of Rural Planning, Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Planning, Tabriz University, Tabriz, Iran
2 Department of Rural Planning, Faculty of Geographical Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده English

Objective: The effects of tourism, especially in rural areas, vary by spatial location. In fact, if tourism activities are to be accepted as an approach for sustainable economic development in rural areas, it is necessary to examine the distribution of their benefits and make the necessary plans for their equitable distribution. The present study, while addressing this issue, examines the economic effects of gastronomic tourism "Kebab Bonab" as a geographical phenomenon in rural areas of Bonab County.

Methods: The present study is of an applied type and quantitative in nature that uses the survey method. The problem, background, and theoretical framework were examined through field observations and a library study. Data related to the economic effects of gastronomic tourism were collected by determining indicators and completing a questionnaire by 242 villagers, and analyzed using one-sample t-test, cluster analysis, spatial autocorrelation, and weighted geographic regression.

Results: The tourist attraction of "Bonab Kebab" has led to the development of employment, marketing, and sales of local products of the villagers, as well as increasing the income of residents. On the other hand, the spatial and human proximity factor has been among the main factors in attracting the economic benefits of tourism in the rural settlements of the study area. In these settlements, the necessary human resources, having jobs in restaurants and Bonab Kebab dishes and related jobs in the city of Bonab or in the nearest rural settlement, have played a major role in attracting economic benefits.

Conclusions: Fair and appropriate distribution of benefits from the tourism industry can improve the quality of life of residents, strengthen community participation, and even make this type of industry sustainable. In order to achieve such a function, it is important to understand the spatial distribution of its benefits and plan for it in rural settlements.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Bonab County
Kebab Bonab
Gastronomic Tourism
tourism
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Manzoor, F., Wei, L., Asif, M., Haq, M. Z. ul, & Rehman, H. U. (2019). The contribution of sustainable tourism to economic growth and employment in Pakistan. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(19), 3785.
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Sadeghi, H., & Aghazadeh, M. (2023), review of food tourism capacities (case study: review of local indigenous foods of Qom province). Quarterly Journal of Environmental Sciences and Geography, 2(3), 1-15. [In Persian] http://jiu.ir/Article/37240/FullText
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Sarvar, R., Akbari, M., & Darvish, B. (2017). Designing a Food Tourism Development Model in Iran with an Interpretive Structural Modeling Approach. Journal of Geography (Quarterly Scientific Research and International Journal of the Iranian Geographical Society), 15(53), 78-80. [In Persian] https://mag.iga.ir/article_254314.html
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Enzenbacher, D. J. (2020). Exploring the food tourism landscape and sustainable economic development goals in Dhofar Governorate, Oman: Maximising stakeholder benefits in the destination. British Food Journal, 122(6), 1897-1918. https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/BFJ-09-2018-0613/full/html
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Steinmetz, R. (2010). Food, tourism and destination differentiation: The case of Rotorua, New Zealand. http://aut. researchgateway. ac. nz/bitstream/handle/10292/1090/SteinmetzR. pdf
Faruque, F. S., Lofton, S. P., Doddato, T. M., & Mangum, C. (2003). Utilizing geographic information systems in community assessment and nursing research. Journal of Community Health Nursing, 20(3), 179–191. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1207/S15327655JCHN200304
Tabrizi, N. (2017). Evaluation of the performance of culinary tourism in Serulat village from the perspective of stakeholders (local community, experts and tourists). Geography Quarterly, 14(49), 277-294. [In Persian] https://ecc.isc.ac/showJournal/1177/98686/1268251
Gavrilă-Paven, I. (2015). Tourism opportunities for valorizing the authentic traditional rural space–study case: Ampoi and Mures Valleys Microregion, Alba County, Romania. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 188, 111–115.
Tanser, F. C., & Le Sueur, D. (2002). The application of geographical information systems to important public health problems in Africa. International Journal of Health Geographics, 1, 1–9. [DOI:10.1186/1476-072X-1-4]
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Yang, Y., & Fik, T. (2014). Spatial effects in regional tourism growth. Annals of Tourism Research, 46, 144–162. [DOI:10.1016/j.annals.2014.03.007]
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Yurtseven, R., & Kaya, O. (2011). Local food in local menus: The case of Gokceada. Tourismos, 6(2), 263–275. [DOI:10.26215/tourismos.v6i2.230]
Hagerstrand, T. (1968). Innovation diffusion as a spatial process. Innovation Diffusion as a Spatial Process. https://www.cabidigitallibrary.org/doi/full/10.5555/19691800901
Zarabadi, Z. S. S., & Abdollah, B. (2015). Evaluation of effective factors in the development of tourism industry in Chabahar Free Zone using the method of network analysis process (ANP). Scientific Research Journal of the Scientific Association of Architecture and Urban Planning of Iran, 4(6), 37-48. [In Persian] https://www.isau.ir/article_61973_378d26b43559499a3fa7c845c37ba5fc
Hall, C. M., & Mitchell, R. (2005). Gastronomic Tourism-Comparing Food and Wine. Niche Tourism. Contemporary Issues, Trends and Cases, Elsevier: Barking. Http://Www. Tourismtaat. Siam. Edu/Images/Magazine/M8b1/Bb8. Pdf.(Accessed 1 September 2018).
Hari, I. (2018). The role of tourism in the development of rural areas of Sari city with an emphasis on food tourism. Master's thesis in tourism management, Faculty of Tourism Sciences. [In Persian]
Harrison, D. (1999). Sociology of modernization and development, translated by Alireza Kaldi. Tehran: Publications of University of Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences. [In Persian]
Hessam, M. (2017). Assessing the attitude of the host community to the economic, social and environmental effects of tourism development, a case study: the villages of Larijan district of Amel city. Journal of Space Geographical Analysis, 6(21): 45-60. [In Persian] https://gps.gu.ac.ir/article_41671.html
Heydari, M. T., Ahdanjad Roshti, M., & Moharrami, S. (2020). An analysis on the economic regeneration of the city with the approach of gastronomy tourism (Case study: Ash festival event in Zanjan city). Urban Economy Quarterly, 4(2), 37- 54. [In Persian]
Jafari Mehrabadi, M., Akbari, M., Ataei, F., & Razeghi Chamazketi, F. (2017), Structural-interpretive modeling of factors affecting the development of food tourism (case study: Rasht city). Journal of Human Settlement Planning Studies (Geographical Perspective), 12(3), 681-698. [In Persian] http://jshsp.iaurasht.ac.ir/article_535978.html
Jafari Mehrabadi, M., Akbari, M., Atai, F., & Razeghi, Farzaneh. (2018). Structural-interpretive modeling of factors affecting the development of food tourism (case study: Rasht city). Human settlement planning studies (geographic perspective), 12(3): 698-681. [In Persian] http://jshsp.iaurasht.ac.ir/article_535978.html
Javan, F. (2020). Explanation of the distribution system of tourism benefits based on the perspective of spatial economy, case: Rezvanshahr rural area. PhD dissertation in geography and rural planning, policy system orientation in rural planning, Faculty of Geographical Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran. [In Persian]
Koens, K., & Thomas, R. (2015). Is small beautiful? Understanding the contribution of small businesses in township tourism to economic development. Development Southern Africa, 32(3), 320–332. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0376835X.2015.1010715
Kumar, R. R., Loganathan, N., Patel, A., & Kumar, R. D. (2015). Nexus between tourism earnings and economic growth: A study of Malaysia. Quality & Quantity, 49(3), 1101–1120.
LEO PARISTA, K. (2017). Accommodation sharing economy of rural tourism areas in Karangasem, Bali, Indonesia. https://hdl.handle.net/10589/143945
Lohmann, G., & Netto, A. P. (2016). Tourism theory: Concepts, models and systems. Cabi.
Londoño, M. D. P. L. (2011). Gastronomy tourism: An opportunity for local development in Catalonia? A stakeholder analysis. https://www.econstor.eu/handle/10419/120176
Long, L. M. (1998). Culinary tourism: A folkloristic perspective on eating and otherness. Southern Folklore, 55(3), 181.
Malik, S., Chaudhry, I. S., Sheikh, M. R., & Farooqi, F. S. (2010). Tourism, economic growth and current account deficit in Pakistan: Evidence from co-integration and causal analysis. European. Journal of Economics, Finance and Administrative Sciences, 22(22), 21–31. http://www.eurojournals.com.
Manzoor, F., Wei, L., Asif, M., Haq, M. Z. ul, & Rehman, H. U. (2019). The contribution of sustainable tourism to economic growth and employment in Pakistan. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(19), 3785.
Matlovičová, K., & Pompura, M. (2013). The culinary tourism in Slovakia case study of the traditional local sheep's milk products in the regions of Orava and Liptov. GeoJournal of Tourism and Geosites, 2(12), 129-144.
Mgonja, J. T. (2015). Evaluating local food-tourism linkages as a strategy for promoting sustainable tourism and economic development: A case of Tanzania (Doctoral dissertation, Clemson University). https://www.proquest.com/openview/6938b3bcbb4314d236c2f2c885db45c5
Motiei-Lengroudi, S. H., & Kateb Azgami, Z. (2018). Economic consequences of the development of rural tourism activities in Bandar Anzali city, a case study: Licharki Hasanroud village. Journal of Space Economics and Rural Development, 6(3): 1-16. [In Persian] http://serd.khu.ac.ir/article-1-2895-fa.html
Murray, I., & Haraldsdottir, L. (2004). Developing a rural culinary tourism product: Considerations and resources for success. Administrative Sciences Association of Canada, Quebec City, Quebec. https://www.researchgate.net.
Nikraftar, T., Karimizadeh, E., & Hosseini, E. (2018), Identifying factors affecting local food tourism in Guilan Province. Journal of Tourism and Development, 7(4), 125-133. [In Persian]
OCH. (2023). Organization of cultural heritage, tourism and crafts of Bonab city, 202. [In Persian]
Ohlan, R. (2017). The relationship between tourism, financial development and economic growth in India. Future Business Journal, 3(1), 9–22.
Peštek, A., & Činjarević, M. (2014). Tourist perceived image of local cuisine: the case of Bosnian food culture. British Food Journal, 116(11), 1821–1838.
Rastai, A. Q., Hadiani, Z., & Tayabnia, S. H. (2022). Analysis of the effects of tourism on the host community in rural areas (case study: Tamin village in Mirjaveh). Journal of Rural and Sustainable Space Development, 2(4), 57-78. [In Persian]
Ricketts, T. C. (2003). Geographic information systems and public health. Annual Review of Public Health, 24(1), 1–6.
Sadeghi, H., & Aghazadeh, M. (2023), review of food tourism capacities (case study: review of local indigenous foods of Qom province). Quarterly Journal of Environmental Sciences and Geography, 2(3), 1-15. [In Persian] http://jiu.ir/Article/37240/FullText
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  • تاریخ دریافت 18 خرداد 1405
  • تاریخ اولین انتشار 18 خرداد 1405