اقتصاد فضا و توسعه روستایی

اقتصاد فضا و توسعه روستایی

توسعه مناطق روستایی در گرو واکاوی اثرات بقای اقتصادی و کارآفرینی اجتماعی بر بازآفرینی روستایی (مطالعه موردی روستاهای شهرستان ارومیه)

نویسندگان
گروه مدیریت بازرگانی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران
چکیده
هدف: در چند سال اخیر از مهمترین مسائل در توسعه مناطق روستایی کاهش قابل‌توجه جمعیت و چالش‌های اقتصادی را می‌توان برشمرد. بازآفرینی روستایی می‌تواند با ترویج مشاغل محلی، جذب سرمایه‌گذاری و ایجاد شغل باعث رشد اقتصادی شده و مشارکت جامعه و انسجام اجتماعی را افزایش دهد. بقای اقتصادی و کارآفرینی اجتماعی می‌تواند به عنوان دو متغیر عمده تأثیرگذار این امر را تسهیل نماید.

روش پژوهش: در این پژوهش که به‌عنوان پژوهش‌های کاربردی و توصیفی از نوع همبستگی طبقه‌بندی‌شده است از پرسشنامه برای جمع‌آوری داده‌ها استفاده گردید. جامعه آماری پژوهش شامل دهیاران و شورای روستاها و کارشناسان کارآفرینی روستایی باسابقه فعالیت در زمینه کارآفرینی اجتماعی از 124 روستای منتخب دهستان‌های بکشلوچای، ترکمان و باش قلعه از بخش مرکزی شهرستان ارومیه بودند که تعداد 180 نفر به روش نمونه‌گیری در دسترس انتخاب شدند. تجزیه‌وتحلیل داده‌ها با نرم‌افزار SPSS23 و شیوه مدل‌سازی معادلات ساختاری (نرم‌افزار PLS SMART) انجام شد و نتایج برای آزمون مدل و بررسی فرضیه‌ها مورد استفاده قرار گرفت.

یافته‌ها: یافته‌ها نشان می‌دهد ارتباط مستقیم و معناداری بین مؤلفه‌‌های بقای اقتصادی (عوامل اقتصادی، اجتماعی و محیطی) با بازآفرینی روستایی با 0/586=B و کارآفرینی اجتماعی با بازآفرینی روستایی با 0/397=B در سطح معناداری 0/001 وجود دارد.

نتیجه‌گیری: به‌طور خلاصه، این پژوهش بر اهمیت بقای اقتصادی و کارآفرینی اجتماعی جهت رشد و توسعه بازآفرینی روستایی تأکید دارد و تأثیر کارآفرینی اجتماعی و بقای اقتصادی بر نواحی روستایی را می‌توان از ابعاد مختلف ازجمله اشتغال‌زایی، مشارکت اجتماعی و توسعه پایدار مشاهده کرد. با آموزش و حمایت مناسب خانوارهای روستایی می‌توان درآمد روستاییان را از چنین سرمایه‌گذاری‌هایی به میزان قابل‌توجهی افزایش داد و درنتیجه منجر به رشد شاخص های بازآفرینی روستا شد.
کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله English

Rural development depends on analyzing the impact of economic survival and social entrepreneurship on rural regeneration (a case study on the villages of Urmia)

نویسندگان English

moslem soleymanpor
reza Norouzi Ajirlo
Department of Business Administration, Payam Noor University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده English

Objective: In recent years, one of the key issues in the development of rural areas is the significant decline in population and economic challenges. Rural regeneration can lead to economic growth and increase community participation and social cohesion by promoting local businesses, attracting investment and creating jobs. . Economic survival and social entrepreneurship can facilitate this as two important influencing factors.

Methods: In this research, which is categorized as applied and descriptive correlational type research, a questionnaire was used to collect data. The statistical population of the study included villagers and village councils and rural entrepreneurship experts with experience in the field of social entrepreneurship from 124 selected villages of Bakshlochai, Turkman and Bash Qala villages in the central part of Urmia city and 180 respondents were selected using the available sampling method. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS23 software and structural equation modeling method (PLS SMART software) and the results were used to test the model and verify the hypotheses.

Results: The results show that there is a direct and significant relationship between the components of economic survival (economic, social and environmental factors) and rural regeneration (B=0.586) and between social entrepreneurship and rural regeneration (B=0.397) at 0.001 level of significance.

Conclusions: In conclusion, this research highlights the importance of economic survival and social entrepreneurship for the growth and development of rural regeneration, and the impact of social entrepreneurship and economic survival on rural areas can be seen in various dimensions, including job creation, social participation and sustainable development. With proper training and support to rural households, villagers' income from such investments can be significantly increased, which will lead to an increase in village regeneration indicators.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Rural Regeneration
Economic Survival
Social Entrepreneurship
Ahmed, B., & Ikrama, S. (2015). Rural Entrepreneurship: Case Studies of Select Successful Rural Entrepreneurs of India. Asian Journal of Multidimensional Research, 4, 9-18. file:///C:/Users/SIB/Downloads/1.2Dr.BadiuddinAhmed%20(1).pdf
پاشایی، سجاد؛ و گل محمدی، حامد (1402). بررسی تاثیر مدیریت ارتباط بامشتری الکترونیک بر قابلیت‌های‌ نوآوری اماکن ورزشی: نقش تعدیل‌گری کوید-19. مطالعات بازاریابی ورزشی، 4 (3)، 128-108. [DOI:10.22034/sms.2024.139773.1253]
Ahrari, S., Krauss, S. E., Ariffin, Z., & Meng, L. K. (2018). A Network-Based Approach for Emerging Rural Social Entrepreneurship. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 8(9), 493-513. [DOI:10.6007/IJARBSS/v8-i9/4608]
شریفی، مهنوش؛ و پیش‌بین، احمدرضا (1394). پیشبرد توسعه روستایی از طریق کارآفرینی اجتماعی: آموزه‌های بانک گرامین. مطالعات کارآفرینی و توسعه پایدار کشاورزی، 2(3)، 105-77. ‎ [DOI:20.1001.1.24767735.1394.2.3.5.1]
Anderson, A. R., & Jack, S. L. (2002). The Articulation of Social Capital in Entrepreneurial Networks: A Glue or a Lubricant? Entrepreneurship & regional development, 14(3), 1-45. [DOI:10.1080/08985620110112079]
وقارموسوی، مجید؛ قدس علوی، سیده آنوشا؛ و عباسی، مصیب (1395). بررسی نقش کارآفرینی اجتماعی در توسعه عدالت اجتماعی. مطالعات کارآفرینی و توسعه پایدار کشاورزی، 3(2)، 76-59.‎
Andrei, D. R., Gogonea, R. M., Chiritescu, V., Sztruten, G., & Busuioc, F. M. (2014). Ecotourism as a Viable Alternative for Economic Development of Romanian rural Communities. Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Agriculture, 71(1), 1-7. [DOI:10.15835/buasvmcn-agr:9609]
Ahmed, B., & Ikrama, S. (2015). Rural Entrepreneurship: Case Studies of Select Successful Rural Entrepreneurs of India. Asian Journal of Multidimensional Research, 4, 9-18. file:///C:/Users/SIB/Downloads/1.2Dr.BadiuddinAhmed%20(1).pdf
Ansari, B., Mirdamadi, S. M., Zand, A., & Arfaee, M. (2013). Sustainable Entrepreneurship in Rural Areas. Research Journal of Environmental and Earth Sciences, 5(1), 26-31. https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail/20410492-201301-201507200032-201507200032-26-31
Ahrari, S., Krauss, S. E., Ariffin, Z., & Meng, L. K. (2018). A Network-Based Approach for Emerging Rural Social Entrepreneurship. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 8(9), 493-513. [DOI:10.6007/IJARBSS/v8-i9/4608]
Araújo, F A., Feiden, A., & Nogueira, C. E. C. (2022). Technical-economic Viability of Tubular Biodigester and Photovoltaic Energy for Rural Property. International Journal of Development Research, 12(6), 56980-83. [DOI:10.37118/ijdr.24748.06.2022]
Anderson, A. R., & Jack, S. L. (2002). The Articulation of Social Capital in Entrepreneurial Networks: A Glue or a Lubricant? Entrepreneurship & regional development, 14(3), 1-45. [DOI:10.1080/08985620110112079]
Bebbington, A. (1998). Sustaining the Andes? Social Capital and Policies for Rural Regeneration in Bolivia. Mountain Research and Development, 173-181. [DOI:10.2307/3673972]
Andrei, D. R., Gogonea, R. M., Chiritescu, V., Sztruten, G., & Busuioc, F. M. (2014). Ecotourism as a Viable Alternative for Economic Development of Romanian rural Communities. Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Agriculture, 71(1), 1-7. [DOI:10.15835/buasvmcn-agr:9609]
Benedetto, M., Sabina, T., & Giuseppe, P. (2020). A Model to Support the Decision-making in Urban Regeneration. Land Use Policy. 99(1), 1-10. [DOI:10.1016/j.landusepol.2020.104865]
Ansari, B., Mirdamadi, S. M., Zand, A., & Arfaee, M. (2013). Sustainable Entrepreneurship in Rural Areas. Research Journal of Environmental and Earth Sciences, 5(1), 26-31. https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail/20410492-201301-201507200032-201507200032-26-31
Bernal, D., Raheem, A. A., Inti, S., & Wang, H. (2024). Assessment of Economic Viability of Direct Current Fast Charging Infrastructure Investments for Electric Vehicles in the United States. Sustainability, 16(15), 1-21. [DOI:10.3390/su16156701]
Araújo, F A., Feiden, A., & Nogueira, C. E. C. (2022). Technical-economic Viability of Tubular Biodigester and Photovoltaic Energy for Rural Property. International Journal of Development Research, 12(6), 56980-83. [DOI:10.37118/ijdr.24748.06.2022]
Farahani, F., Rajabi, A., & Eghbali, N. (2021). Planning Rural Regeneration of Suburban Area Emphasizing Passive Defense Approach (Case Study: Fardis Village, Qarchak County, Southeast of Tehran). Sustainable Rural Development, 5(2), 285-302. [DOI:20.1001.1.25383876.2021.5.2.10.6]
Bebbington, A. (1998). Sustaining the Andes? Social Capital and Policies for Rural Regeneration in Bolivia. Mountain Research and Development, 173-181. [DOI:10.2307/3673972]
Fullerton, C. A. (2015). University-community Partnerships as a Pathway to Rural Development: Benefits of an Ontario Land Use Planning Project. Journal of Rural and Community Development, 10(1), 56-71. https://journals.brandonu.ca/jrcd/article/view/956
Benedetto, M., Sabina, T., & Giuseppe, P. (2020). A Model to Support the Decision-making in Urban Regeneration. Land Use Policy. 99(1), 1-10. [DOI:10.1016/j.landusepol.2020.104865]
Gaitho, V. G. (2014). Impact of Community-based Ecotourism on Households’ Livelihoods and Environmental Management in Ngwesi and Lekurruki Group Ranches, Laikipia County, Kenya. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 7(5), 13-29. https://ir-library.ku.ac.ke/items/64584ec7-f93d-4b09-b2d8-f4ee5c642e38
Bernal, D., Raheem, A. A., Inti, S., & Wang, H. (2024). Assessment of Economic Viability of Direct Current Fast Charging Infrastructure Investments for Electric Vehicles in the United States. Sustainability, 16(15), 1-21. [DOI:10.3390/su16156701]
Gospodinova, E. (2023). The Good Collaboration Between Social Entrepreneurship and Rural Areas–Innovative approaches for community development and implementation. In SHS Web of Conferences, EDP Sciences, 176, 01012. https://www.shs- nferences.org/articles/shsconf/abs/2023/25/shsconf_brd2023_01012/shsconf_brd2023_01012.html
Farahani, F., Rajabi, A., & Eghbali, N. (2021). Planning Rural Regeneration of Suburban Area Emphasizing Passive Defense Approach (Case Study: Fardis Village, Qarchak County, Southeast of Tehran). Sustainable Rural Development, 5(2), 285-302. [DOI:20.1001.1.25383876.2021.5.2.10.6]
Hloušková, Z., Lekešová, M., Prajerová, A., & Doucha, T. (2022). Assessing the Economic Viability of Agricultural Holdings with the Inclusion of Opportunity Costs. Sustainability, 14(22), 1-15. https:// doi.org/10.3390/su142215087
Fullerton, C. A. (2015). University-community Partnerships as a Pathway to Rural Development: Benefits of an Ontario Land Use Planning Project. Journal of Rural and Community Development, 10(1), 56-71. https://journals.brandonu.ca/jrcd/article/view/956
Jaafar, M., Bakri, N. M., & Rasoolimanesh, S. M. (2015). Local Community and Tourism Development: A Study of Rural Mountainous Destinations. Modern Applied Science, 9(8), 407-416. [DOI:10.5539/mas.v9n8p407]
Gaitho, V. G. (2014). Impact of Community-based Ecotourism on Households’ Livelihoods and Environmental Management in Ngwesi and Lekurruki Group Ranches, Laikipia County, Kenya. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 7(5), 13-29. https://ir-library.ku.ac.ke/items/64584ec7-f93d-4b09-b2d8-f4ee5c642e38
Janc, K., Dołzbłasz, S., Raczyk, A., & Skrzypczyński, R. (2023). Winding Pathways to Rural Regeneration: Exploring Challenges and Success Factors for Three Types of Rural Changemakers in the Context of Knowledge Transfer and Networks. Sustainability, 15(8), 1-17. [DOI:10.3390/su15086612]
Gospodinova, E. (2023). The Good Collaboration Between Social Entrepreneurship and Rural Areas–Innovative approaches for community development and implementation. In SHS Web of Conferences, EDP Sciences, 176, 01012. https://www.shs- nferences.org/articles/shsconf/abs/2023/25/shsconf_brd2023_01012/shsconf_brd2023_01012.html
Johnstone, S., Robison, R.A., & Manning, R. (2013). Delivering Social Sustainability Outcomes in New Communities: The Role of the Elected Councilor. Sustainability, 5, 4920-48. [DOI:10.3390/su5114920]
Hloušková, Z., Lekešová, M., Prajerová, A., & Doucha, T. (2022). Assessing the Economic Viability of Agricultural Holdings with the Inclusion of Opportunity Costs. Sustainability, 14(22), 1-15. https:// doi.org/10.3390/su142215087
Kulish, I. (2022). Social Entrepreneurship in Tourism: A Chance for Rural Communities. Socio-Econ. Probl. Mod. Period Ukr, 155, 10-14. [DOI:10.36818/2071-4653-2022-3-2]
Jaafar, M., Bakri, N. M., & Rasoolimanesh, S. M. (2015). Local Community and Tourism Development: A Study of Rural Mountainous Destinations. Modern Applied Science, 9(8), 407-416. [DOI:10.5539/mas.v9n8p407]
Li, Y.H., Westlund, H, & Liu, Y.S. 2019. Why Some Rural Areas Decline While Some Others Not: An Overview of Rural Evolution in the World, Journal of Rural Studies, 68, 135-143. [DOI:10.1016/j.jrurstud.2019.03.003]
Janc, K., Dołzbłasz, S., Raczyk, A., & Skrzypczyński, R. (2023). Winding Pathways to Rural Regeneration: Exploring Challenges and Success Factors for Three Types of Rural Changemakers in the Context of Knowledge Transfer and Networks. Sustainability, 15(8), 1-17. [DOI:10.3390/su15086612]
Liu, Y., & Zheng, L. (2022). Impact of the Participation of Rural Households in the Appraisal on Poor Households’ Identification. Plos one, 17(8), 1-24. [DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0272519]
Johnstone, S., Robison, R.A., & Manning, R. (2013). Delivering Social Sustainability Outcomes in New Communities: The Role of the Elected Councilor. Sustainability, 5, 4920-48. [DOI:10.3390/su5114920]
Mair, J., & Noboa, E. (2003). Social Entrepreneurship: How Intentions to Create a Social Enterprise Get Formed, 521(1), 1-20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.462283
Kulish, I. (2022). Social Entrepreneurship in Tourism: A Chance for Rural Communities. Socio-Econ. Probl. Mod. Period Ukr, 155, 10-14. [DOI:10.36818/2071-4653-2022-3-2]
Meyer, C., Gerlitz, L., & Klein, M. (2022). Creativity as a Key Constituent for Smart Specialization Strategies (S3), What Is in It for Peripheral Regions? Co-creating sustainable and resilient tourism with cultural and creative industries. Sustainability, 14(6), 1-31. [DOI:10.3390/su14063469]
Li, Y.H., Westlund, H, & Liu, Y.S. 2019. Why Some Rural Areas Decline While Some Others Not: An Overview of Rural Evolution in the World, Journal of Rural Studies, 68, 135-143. [DOI:10.1016/j.jrurstud.2019.03.003]
Montiel-Hernández, M. G., Pérez-Hernández, C. C., & Salazar-Hernández, B. C. (2024). The Intrinsic Links of Economic Complexity with Sustainability Dimensions: A Systematic Review and Agenda for Future Research. Sustainability, 16(1), 1-26. [DOI:10.3390/su16010391]
Liu, Y., & Zheng, L. (2022). Impact of the Participation of Rural Households in the Appraisal on Poor Households’ Identification. Plos one, 17(8), 1-24. [DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0272519]
Muhmode, H. I. M. (2021, April). The Role of Social Entrepreneurship in Achieving Sustainable Rural Development. In Bode, Umuerri (Eds.): Universities, Entrepreneurship and Enterprise Development in Africa–Conference Proceedings 2020, 134-145. [DOI:10.18418/978-3-96043-083-4_134]
Mair, J., & Noboa, E. (2003). Social Entrepreneurship: How Intentions to Create a Social Enterprise Get Formed, 521(1), 1-20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.462283
Murtagh, A., Farrell, M., Kuhmonen, T., Weir, L., & Mahon, M. (2023). The future dreams of Ireland’s Youth: possibilities for Rural Regeneration and Generational Renewal. Sustainability, 15(12), 9528. [DOI:10.3390/su15129528]
Meyer, C., Gerlitz, L., & Klein, M. (2022). Creativity as a Key Constituent for Smart Specialization Strategies (S3), What Is in It for Peripheral Regions? Co-creating sustainable and resilient tourism with cultural and creative industries. Sustainability, 14(6), 1-31. [DOI:10.3390/su14063469]
Namawejje, H., Bruno, Y. L., Wadada, R., Antonites, A., & Ssekamatte, D. (2023). Do Economic Factors and Financial Behavior Influence Financial Literacy Performance Among Rural Women in Uganda?. International Journal of Social Science and Economic Research, 8(1), 01-20. [DOI:10.46609/IJSSER.2023.v08i01.001]
Montiel-Hernández, M. G., Pérez-Hernández, C. C., & Salazar-Hernández, B. C. (2024). The Intrinsic Links of Economic Complexity with Sustainability Dimensions: A Systematic Review and Agenda for Future Research. Sustainability, 16(1), 1-26. [DOI:10.3390/su16010391]
Navrátil, J., Krejčí, T., Martinát, S., Pícha, K., Klusáček, P., Škrabal, J., & Osman, R. (2020). Abandonment or Regeneration and Re-use? Factors Affecting the Usage of Farm Premises in Different Social Spaces of the Rural. Sustainability, 12(21), 1-17. [DOI:10.3390/su12219124]
Muhmode, H. I. M. (2021, April). The Role of Social Entrepreneurship in Achieving Sustainable Rural Development. In Bode, Umuerri (Eds.): Universities, Entrepreneurship and Enterprise Development in Africa–Conference Proceedings 2020, 134-145. [DOI:10.18418/978-3-96043-083-4_134]
Pashaie, S. & Golmohammadi, H. (2024). Exploring the Influence of E-CRM on the Innovation Capabilities of Sports Venues: The Moderating Role of Covid-19. Sports Marketing Studies, 4(3), 108-128. [DOI:10.22034/sms.2024.139773.1253 [In Persian]]
Murtagh, A., Farrell, M., Kuhmonen, T., Weir, L., & Mahon, M. (2023). The future dreams of Ireland’s Youth: possibilities for Rural Regeneration and Generational Renewal. Sustainability, 15(12), 9528. [DOI:10.3390/su15129528]
Peredo, A. M., & McLean, M. (2006). Social Entrepreneurship: A critical Review of the Concept. Journal of world business, 41(1), 56-65. [DOI:10.1016/j.jwb.2005.10.007]
Namawejje, H., Bruno, Y. L., Wadada, R., Antonites, A., & Ssekamatte, D. (2023). Do Economic Factors and Financial Behavior Influence Financial Literacy Performance Among Rural Women in Uganda?. International Journal of Social Science and Economic Research, 8(1), 01-20. [DOI:10.46609/IJSSER.2023.v08i01.001]
Pradhan, S., Dyson, L. E., & Lama, S. (2022). The Nexus Between Cultural Tourism and Social Entrepreneurship: A Pathway to Sustainable Community Development in Nepal. Journal of Heritage Tourism, 17(6), 615-630. [DOI:10.1080/1743873X.2022.2101369]
Navrátil, J., Krejčí, T., Martinát, S., Pícha, K., Klusáček, P., Škrabal, J., & Osman, R. (2020). Abandonment or Regeneration and Re-use? Factors Affecting the Usage of Farm Premises in Different Social Spaces of the Rural. Sustainability, 12(21), 1-17. [DOI:10.3390/su12219124]
Ricket, A. L., Knutsen, F. B., Jolley, G. J., & Davis, S. C. (2023). Appalachian Social Entrepreneurship Ecosystem: A framework for Rural Development. Community Development, 54(3), 315-336. [DOI:10.1080/15575330.2022.2155676]
Pashaie, S. & Golmohammadi, H. (2024). Exploring the Influence of E-CRM on the Innovation Capabilities of Sports Venues: The Moderating Role of Covid-19. Sports Marketing Studies, 4(3), 108-128. [DOI:10.22034/sms.2024.139773.1253 [In Persian]]
Salamzadeh, A., Azimi, M. A., & Kirby, D. A. (2013). Social Entrepreneurship Education in Higher Education: Insights from a Developing Country. International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business, 20(1), 17-34. [DOI:10.1504/IJESB.2013.055691]
Peredo, A. M., & McLean, M. (2006). Social Entrepreneurship: A critical Review of the Concept. Journal of world business, 41(1), 56-65. [DOI:10.1016/j.jwb.2005.10.007]
Sharifi, M. & Pishbin A. R. (2015). Fostering Rural Development through Social Entrepreneurship: Lessons Learned of the Grameen Bank. Journal of Studies in Entrepreneurship and Sustainable Agricultural Development, 2(3), 77-105. [DOI:20.1001.1.24767735.1394.2.3.5.1 [In Persian]]
Pradhan, S., Dyson, L. E., & Lama, S. (2022). The Nexus Between Cultural Tourism and Social Entrepreneurship: A Pathway to Sustainable Community Development in Nepal. Journal of Heritage Tourism, 17(6), 615-630. [DOI:10.1080/1743873X.2022.2101369]
Spicka, J., Hlavsa, T., Soukupova, K., & Stolbova, M. (2019). Approaches to Estimation the Farm-level Economic Viability and Sustainability in Agriculture: A literature Review. Agricultural Economics/Zemědělská Ekonomika, 65(6), 289-297. [DOI:10.17221/269/2018-AGRICECON]
Ricket, A. L., Knutsen, F. B., Jolley, G. J., & Davis, S. C. (2023). Appalachian Social Entrepreneurship Ecosystem: A framework for Rural Development. Community Development, 54(3), 315-336. [DOI:10.1080/15575330.2022.2155676]
Stoica, M. (2024). Examining the Economic Resilience and Sustainability of Tourist Businesses: an Assessment of the Factors Influencing Economic Security in the Tourism Sector. In Economic Security in the Context of Systemic Transformations, 199-204. [DOI:10.53486/escst2023.23]
Salamzadeh, A., Azimi, M. A., & Kirby, D. A. (2013). Social Entrepreneurship Education in Higher Education: Insights from a Developing Country. International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business, 20(1), 17-34. [DOI:10.1504/IJESB.2013.055691]
Tillmar, M., Sköld, B., Ahl, H., Berglund, K., & Pettersson, K. (2022). Women's Rural Businesses: for Economic Viability or Gender Equality? –a database study from the Swedish context. International Journal of Gender and Entrepreneurship, 14(3), 323-351. [DOI:10.1108/IJGE-06-2021-0091]
Sharifi, M. & Pishbin A. R. (2015). Fostering Rural Development through Social Entrepreneurship: Lessons Learned of the Grameen Bank. Journal of Studies in Entrepreneurship and Sustainable Agricultural Development, 2(3), 77-105. [DOI:20.1001.1.24767735.1394.2.3.5.1 [In Persian]]
Vagar Mousavi, M., Ghods Alavi, S. A. & Abbasi, M. (2016). Investigating the Role of Social Entrepreneurship in the Development of Social Justice. Entrepreneurship and Sustainable Development of Agriculture Studies, 3(2), 59-76. [In Persian]
Spicka, J., Hlavsa, T., Soukupova, K., & Stolbova, M. (2019). Approaches to Estimation the Farm-level Economic Viability and Sustainability in Agriculture: A literature Review. Agricultural Economics/Zemědělská Ekonomika, 65(6), 289-297. [DOI:10.17221/269/2018-AGRICECON]
Veveris, A., Šapolaitė, V., Giedrė Raišienė, A., & Bilan, Y. (2019). How Rural Development Programmes Serve for Viability of Small Farms? Case of Latvia and Lithuania. Agris on-line Papers in Economics and Informatics, 11(2), 103-113. [DOI:10.7160/aol.2019.110210.]
Stoica, M. (2024). Examining the Economic Resilience and Sustainability of Tourist Businesses: an Assessment of the Factors Influencing Economic Security in the Tourism Sector. In Economic Security in the Context of Systemic Transformations, 199-204. [DOI:10.53486/escst2023.23]
Xiaoliang, Ch., Hong, Zh., & Zhenjie, Y. (2020). Contested Memory Amidst Rapid Urban Transition: The Cultural Politics of Urban Regeneration in Guangzhou, China. Cities. 102(1), 1-11. [DOI:10.1016/j.cities.2020.102755]
Tillmar, M., Sköld, B., Ahl, H., Berglund, K., & Pettersson, K. (2022). Women's Rural Businesses: for Economic Viability or Gender Equality? –a database study from the Swedish context. International Journal of Gender and Entrepreneurship, 14(3), 323-351. [DOI:10.1108/IJGE-06-2021-0091]
Vagar Mousavi, M., Ghods Alavi, S. A. & Abbasi, M. (2016). Investigating the Role of Social Entrepreneurship in the Development of Social Justice. Entrepreneurship and Sustainable Development of Agriculture Studies, 3(2), 59-76. [In Persian]
Yusuf, E. S., & Wulandari, S. (2023). Agritourism Development: Designing an Effective Model for Sustainable Growth. In BIO Web of Conferences, EDP Sciences, 69, 04023. [DOI:10.1051/bioconf/20236904023]
Veveris, A., Šapolaitė, V., Giedrė Raišienė, A., & Bilan, Y. (2019). How Rural Development Programmes Serve for Viability of Small Farms? Case of Latvia and Lithuania. Agris on-line Papers in Economics and Informatics, 11(2), 103-113. [DOI:10.7160/aol.2019.110210.]
Zaiats, T., Kraievska, H., & Diakonenko, O. (2022). Social Capital of Rural Territorial Communities in Ukraine: Problems of Strengthening and Directions of Their Solution. Agricultural and Resource Economics: International Scientific E-Journal, 8(2), 158-178. [DOI:10.22004/ag.econ.322726]
Xiaoliang, Ch., Hong, Zh., & Zhenjie, Y. (2020). Contested Memory Amidst Rapid Urban Transition: The Cultural Politics of Urban Regeneration in Guangzhou, China. Cities. 102(1), 1-11. [DOI:10.1016/j.cities.2020.102755]
Zhang, D. D., & Swanson, L. A. (2014). Linking social Entrepreneurship and Sustainability. Journal of Social Entrepreneurship, 5(2), 175-191. [DOI:10.1080/19420676.2014.880503]
Yusuf, E. S., & Wulandari, S. (2023). Agritourism Development: Designing an Effective Model for Sustainable Growth. In BIO Web of Conferences, EDP Sciences, 69, 04023. [DOI:10.1051/bioconf/20236904023]
Zaiats, T., Kraievska, H., & Diakonenko, O. (2022). Social Capital of Rural Territorial Communities in Ukraine: Problems of Strengthening and Directions of Their Solution. Agricultural and Resource Economics: International Scientific E-Journal, 8(2), 158-178. [DOI:10.22004/ag.econ.322726]
Zhang, D. D., & Swanson, L. A. (2014). Linking social Entrepreneurship and Sustainability. Journal of Social Entrepreneurship, 5(2), 175-191. [DOI:10.1080/19420676.2014.880503]

  • تاریخ دریافت 18 خرداد 1405
  • تاریخ اولین انتشار 18 خرداد 1405