اقتصاد فضا و توسعه روستایی

اقتصاد فضا و توسعه روستایی

تحلیل وضعیت اکوسیستم کارآفرینی روستایی استان البرز

نویسندگان
شیما عمیدی
مجتبی قدیری معصوم
محمدامین خراسانی
زهرا ترکاشوند
دانشگاه تهران
10.61186/serd.13.2.5
چکیده
هدف: اکوسیستم کارآفرینی روستایی برای توسعه کارآفرینی و اشتغالزایی در مناطق روستایی حیاتی است. با استفاده از اهرم کارآفرینی در مناطق روستایی، می‌توان اقتصاد روستایی پویا و نوآور ایجاد کرد. استان البرز با وجود داشتن شرایط مناسب اقلیمی، جغرافیایی، ارتباطی و دسترسی مناسب، اما طی سالیان اخیر در زمینه توسعه اقتصادی نواحی روستایی شرایط نامناسبی مانند؛ افزایش نرخ بیکاری، پایین بودن نرخ مشارکت اقتصادی و اختلاف درآمد خانوارهای روستایی و شهری دارد. بنابراین، هدف از مطالعه حاضر تحلیل وضعیت اکوسیستم کارآفرینی روستایی در استان البرز است.

روش پژوهش: این پژوهش درچهارچوب روش‌شناسی کمی انجام شده است. گردآوری داده‌ها با استفاده از مطالعات کتابخانه‌ای و پیمایش میدانی صورت گرفته که در بخش میدانی ابزار اصلی پرسشنامه بوده است. جامعه آماری شامل روستاهای استان البرز بوده که از بین آن‌ها تعداد 33 روستا به عنوان نمونه انتخاب شده و بر اساس فرمول کوکران تعداد 380 نفر به عنوان نمونه برای تکمیل پرسش‌نامه انتخاب شده‌اند. جهت تحلیل داده‌ها از آزمون‌های آماری کای اسکوئر، t تک نمونه‌ای، آزمون آنووا، دانکن و درون‌یابی کریجینگ استفاده شده است.

یافته‌ها: نتایج پژوهش نشان می‌دهد که اکوسیستم کارآفرینی روستایی استان البرز دارای وضعیت نامناسبی است، به طوریکه از بین 10 گروه‌ شاخص‌های اصلی شامل؛ شاخص‌های کسب و کار، شاخص‌های مالی، شاخص‌های آموزشی، شاخص‌های سرمایه انسانی، شاخص‌های حمایتی، شاخص‌های بازار و مشتریان، شاخص‌های اجتماعی، شاخص‌های فرهنگی، شاخص‌های زیرساختی و شاخص‌های نوآوری، تحقیق و توسعه که مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است، صرفاً دو گروه دارای وضعیت مناسب و هشت گروه دیگر دارای وضعیت نامناسب بوده‌اند. همچنین پراکندگی جغرافیایی وضعیت اکوسیستم کارآفرینی روستایی در سطح استان متفاوت است.

نتیجه‌گیری: وجود زیرساخت‌های سخت افزاری مانند دسترسی به راه‌های ارتباطی و مراکز شهری به تنهایی برای توسعه اکوسیستم کارآفرینی کافی نمی‌باشد بلکه لازم است در کنار آن توسعه زیرساخت‌های نرم‌افزایی مانند امور مالی، آموزش، انواع حمایت‌ها، سرمایه‌ انسانی و اجتماعی و تحقیق و توسعه نیز مورد توجه قرار گیرد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
اکوسیستم کارآفرینی
کارآفرینی روستایی
توزیع فضایی
استان البرز

عنوان مقاله English

Analysis of the rural entrepreneurship ecosystem of Alborz province

نویسندگان English

shima amidi
Mojtaba Ghadiri Masoum
Mohammad Amin Khorasani
Zahra Torkashvand
Department of Human Geography and Planning, Faculty of Geography, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده English

Objective: The rural entrepreneurial ecosystem plays a pivotal role in stimulating entrepreneurship and employment in rural areas. By leveraging entrepreneurship in rural regions, it is possible to address the challenges faced by these areas and create dynamic and innovative economies. Despite favorable climatic, geographic, connectivity, and accessibility conditions, Alborz province has experienced inappropriate economic conditions in its rural areas in recent years, including rising unemployment rates, low economic participation rates, and income disparities between rural and urban households. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the status of the rural entrepreneurial ecosystem in Alborz province as a key economic indicator.

Methods: This research was conducted within a quantitative research methodology. Data collection was carried out through a combination of library research and field surveys, with questionnaires being the primary tool in the field. The statistical population comprised the villages of Alborz province, from which a sample of 33 villages was selected. Using the Cochran formula, a sample size of 380 individuals was determined for completing the questionnaires. For data analysis, statistical tests such as chi-square, one-sample t-test, ANOVA, Duncan’s post hoc test, and Kriging interpolation were employed.

Results: The research findings indicate that the rural entrepreneurial ecosystem in Alborz province is in a suboptimal state. Out of the ten key indicator groups examined, including business indicators, financial indicators, educational indicators, human capital indicators, support indicators, market and customer indicators, social indicators, cultural indicators, infrastructure indicators, and innovation, research, and development indicators, only two groups were found to be in a favorable condition, while the remaining eight groups were in an unfavorable state. Additionally, the geographical distribution of the rural entrepreneurial ecosystem's status varies across the province.

Conclusions: The presence of hard infrastructure such as access to transportation networks and urban centers is insufficient on its own to foster the development of an entrepreneurial ecosystem. Concurrently, the development of soft infrastructure, including financial services, education, various support systems, human and social capital, and research and development, must also be prioritized.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Entrepreneurial Ecosystem
Rural Entrepreneurship
Spatial distribution
Alborz province
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  • تاریخ دریافت 18 خرداد 1405
  • تاریخ اولین انتشار 18 خرداد 1405