اقتصاد فضا و توسعه روستایی

اقتصاد فضا و توسعه روستایی

تحلیل توسعه SMEها در فرآیند تحول نوآوری روستایی: رهیافتی بر گذار از بحران اقتصادی (مورد مطالعه: شهرستان کرمانشاه)

نویسنده
دانشگاه لرستان
چکیده
هدف: با شکل­گیری مفهوم عمیق فرآیند کارآفرینی در گذر زمان و تحول در فهم چگونگی گذار از بحران­های اقتصادی در کشورهای در حال رشد، توجه به توسعه SMEها مورد توجه اندیشمندان توسعه قرار گرفت. بحران­ اقتصادی در فضاهای جغرافیایی کنش ­ها و واکنش ­هایی مختلفی را به همراه دارد. اگر قرار است اقتصاد در نواحی مختلف تصویری از موفقیت را تداعی کند توجه به اقتصاد اجتماعی و ایجاد محیط­ های رقابتی از طریق توسعه کسب و کارهای کوچک مکانی در جوامع محلی از اهمیت ویژه ­ای برخوردار است. از این ­رو، پژوهش حاضر به شیوه کمی و با هدف "تحلیل توسعه SMEها در ایران در فرآیند تحول نوآوری روستایی" بدنبال رهیافتی بر گذار از بحران اقتصادی و درک معنایی از واقعیت­ های موجود کسب و کار در جوامع محلی است که می ­تواند زمینه­ ساز نوآوری و کارآفرینی گردد.

روش پژوهش: روش تحقیق توصیفی ـ پیمایشی و از نوع کاربردی است. جامعه آماری پژوهش را 52 نفر از صاحبان SMEها واقع در دهستان­ های میان دربند، پشت دربند و بالا دربند شهرستان کرمانشاه تشکیل می­ دهند که بیشترین میزان از بین رفتن شرکت­ های جدید را در 15 سال اخیر تجربه کرده ­اند. برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده ­ها از نرم ­افزار SPSS20 و برای ترسیم نقشه ­ها از ArcGIS استفاده شد.

یافته‌ها: یافته ­ها نشان داد که میزان اثرات متغیرهای توسعه SMEها در فرآیند تحول نوآوری روستایی بر پذیرش یا رد کارآفرینی در شبکه پویای روستانشینی 371/72 درصد بوده که در عامل­ های تمایل های سیاسی فضا (321/19درصد)، نیروهای دانش ­بنیان سر ریز فن­آوری (32/15درصد)، عامل رقابت ­پذیری و بهبودیاب اقتصادی (12/11درصد)، نیروی خواسته ­ها و تعامل ­های اجتماعی فضا (48/10درصد)، تحولات جمعیتی و تولیدی فضا (08/10درصد) و حمایت­ های نهادی و محیطی فضا (05/6 درصد)) نمود پیدا کرده است.

نتیجه‌گیری: توسعه کسب و کارهای خرد، کوچک و متوسط منجر شده است که دو دهستان بالادربند و میان­دربند به مکان مرکزی تبدیل شده است. به طوری­که پیامدهای فضایی کارآفرینی در بیشتر نقاط آن قابل رؤیت است. این دو دهستان می ­توانند قابلیت انتشار نوآوری و سر ریز دانش به دیگر دهستان­های پیرامون دورتر از مرکز شهرستان را دارا باشند.










کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله English

Analysis of the development of SMEs in the transformation process of rural innovation: an approach to the transition from the economic crisis (Case of study: Kermanshah County)

نویسنده English

Horieh Moradi
Assistant Professor of Geography and Rural Planning, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran.
چکیده English

Objective: With the formation of the deep concept of the entrepreneurial process in the passage of time and the evolution in the understanding of how to transition from economic crises in developing countries, attention to the development of SMEs became the attention of development thinkers. Economic crisis brings different actions and reactions in geographical areas. If the economy in different areas is supposed to evoke an image of success, paying attention to the social economy and creating competitive environments through the development of local small businesses in local communities is of particular importance. Therefore, the present research in a quantitative manner and with the aim of "analyzing the development of SMEs in Iran in the transformation process of rural innovation" seeks an approach to the transition from the economic crisis and a meaningful understanding of the existing realities of business in local communities that It can be a foundation for innovation and entrepreneurship.

Methods: The research method is descriptive-survey and applied. The statistical population of the research consists of 52 owners of SMEs located in the villages of Mian Darband, Pash Darband and Bala Darband of Kermanshah city, who have experienced the highest rate of destruction of new companies in the last 15 years. SPSS20 software was used for data analysis and ArcGIS was used for drawing maps.

Results: The findings showed that the effects of SMEs development variables in the transformation process of rural innovation on the acceptance or rejection of entrepreneurship in the dynamic rural network was 371.72 percent, and the factors of political tendencies of space (19.321 percent), knowledge-based forces The head of technology (15.32 percent), the factor of competitiveness and economic improvement (11.12 percent), the force of social demands and interactions of space (10.48 percent), the demographic and production changes of space (10.08 percent) and institutional and environmental support of space (6.05 percent)) has appeared.

Conclusions: The development of micro, small and medium businesses has led to the two villages of Baladarband and Mian-Darband becoming central places so that the spatial consequences of entrepreneurship can be seen in most of its parts. These two villages can have the ability to spread innovation and knowledge to other surrounding villages far from the city center.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Entrepreneurship
rural innovation
SMEs businesses
Kermanshah county
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  • تاریخ دریافت 18 خرداد 1405
  • تاریخ اولین انتشار 18 خرداد 1405