اقتصاد فضا و توسعه روستایی

اقتصاد فضا و توسعه روستایی

تحلیل رفاه اکوسیستم و رفاه انسانی مقاصد گردشگری بر اساس شاخص های چرخه حیات گردشگری (مطالعه موردی: مقاصد گردشگری اردبیل و آذربایجان شرقی)

نویسندگان
1 دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی
2 جهاد دانشگاهی
چکیده




هدف: یکی از چالش های اصلی قرن حاضر در حوزه گردشگری، ارتقاء و توسعه فعالیتهای گردشگری و در عین حال حفظ پایداری اکوسیستمهای طبیعی و ارتقا شاخصهای رفاه انسانی است. کلید دستیابی به این هدف در برقراری تعادل بین دو بخش اکولوژیکی و انسانی است که بدون انجام ارزیابیهای جامع و کافی محقق نمیشود. این پژوهش میکوشد مقاصد گردشگری استانهای اردبیل و آذربایجان شرقی را از منظر کیفیت رفاه اکوسیستم و رفاه انسانی به عنوان دو رکن اساسی گردشگری پایدار مورد ارزیابی قرار دهد.

روش پژوهش: این بررسی از نوع مطالعات کاربردی بوده و تجزیه و تحلیل اطلاعات به روش توصیفی-تحلیلی انجام گرفته است و برای تجزیه و تحلیل آنها از مدل چرخه حیات گردشگری آلن باتلر استفاده شده است. جامعه آماری این پژوهش مشتمل بر روستاهای زنوزق، کندوان و اشتبین در استان آذربایجان شرقی و روستاهای گزج، آلوارس و اونار در استان اردبیل است که مجموعا مشتمل بر 465 خانوار و 1876 نفر جمعیت می باشد. حجم جامعه نمونه در این تحقیق 176 خانوار ست که با روش کوکران برآورد شده است. اطلاعات مورد نیاز با روش میدانی و با استفاده از ابزار پرسشنامه گردآوری شده است. گزینش جامعه میزبان برای پرسشگری با روش تصادفی سیستماتیک و گزینش جامعه گردشگر و بازدیدکننده به روش تصادفی ساده می باشد.

یافته‌ها: نتایج این بررسی نشان میدهد که رفاه اکوسیستم و انسانی در مقاصد گردشگری غالبا در سطح پایداری متوسط بوده و هنوز با ویژگی های مقاصد دارای ثبات و کاملا پایدار فاصله قابل توجهی دارند و تاکید صرف بر نتایج و درآمدهای اقتصادی باعث غفلت از وجوه طبیعی و انسانی فعالیت های گردشگری در مقاصد مورد مطالعه شده است.

نتیجه‌گیری: نتایج بررسی‌ها نشان می‌دهد که شاخص بازدید از مقاصد گردشگری در طول زمان می‌تواند وضعیت رفاه اکوسیستم و رفاه انسان را در مقاصد بهبود بخشد، در صورتی که روستای کندوان در هر دو منطقه از وضعیت رفاهی بهتری برخوردار باشد. طبیعتاً عوامل ثانویه مانند ارتقای سطح آگاهی اجتماعی و تبادل فرهنگی بین جامعه میزبان و جامعه گردشگر و آموزش اجتماعی می‌تواند در این شرایط مؤثر باشد، چنانکه در مقاصدی با بازدید کمتر و جایگاه کمتر این شاخص ها، وضعیت متفاوت دیگری را نشان می دهد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله English

Analysis of Ecosystem and Human Wellfare of Tourism Destinations Based on Tourism Life Cycle Indicators (Case Study: Ardabil and East Azarbaijan Tourism Destinations)

نویسندگان English

Arastoo yari hesar 1
arghami yari hesar 2
khadijeh Ebrahimi 1
1 University of mohaghegh ardabil
2 ACECR
چکیده English

Objective: This research tries to evaluate the tourism destinations of Ardabil and East Azarbaijan provinces from the perspective of the quality of ecosystem welfare and human welfare as two basic pillars of sustainable tourism.

Methods: This review is of the type of applied studies and the analysis of information has been done in a descriptive-analytical way, and Alen Butller's tourism life cycle (TLC) model has been used for their analysisThe statistical population of this research consists of the villages of Zenuzagh, Kandavan and Ashtabin in East Azarbaijan province and the villages of Gazaj, Alvars and Onar in Ardabil province, with a total of 465 households and a population of 1876 people. The size of the sample population in this research is 176 households, which was estimated by Cochran's method. The required information has been collected by the field method and using the questionnaire tool. The selection of the host community for questioning is by systematic random method and the selection of the tourist and visitor community is simple by random method.

Results: The results of this study show that ecosystem and human well-being in tourism destinations are often at a medium level of sustainability and still have a significant distance from the characteristics of stable and completely sustainable destinations, and the emphasis on economic results and incomes causes neglect of natural and Human tourism activities in the studied destinations.

Conclusions: The results of the surveys show that the index of visiting tourist destinations over time can improve the state of ecosystem well-being and human well-being in the destinations, if the village of Kandavan is in a better state of well-being in both the human and natural ecosystem due to the high number of visitors. . Naturally, secondary factors such as improving the level of social awareness and cultural exchange between the host community and the tourist community and social education can be effective in this situation, as in destinations with fewer visits and a lower position of these indicators, it shows another different situation.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Keywords: East Azerbaijan
Ardabil
Ecosystem welfare
Human welfare
tourist destinations
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  • تاریخ دریافت 18 خرداد 1405
  • تاریخ اولین انتشار 18 خرداد 1405